The Human Performance Wing consists of a three-story North Complex (217,000 square feet), a four-story South Complex (457,000 square feet) and several ancillary facilities, totaling 680,000 square feet. The HPW provides more than 200,000 square feet of high-security office space that complies with requirements of Physical Security Standards for Sensitive Compartmented Information Facilities criteria. Several ancillary facilities were constructed, including a Building 838 vivarium addition, Emeds training site improvements and an entomology facility. A night vision goggles training facility and a war readiness materials storage facility were renovated.

Designed for human-centered biomedical research, the South Complex provides laboratories specializing in radiological, acoustical, visual, vestibular, cognitive, psychopharmacological, and thermal stress research. A high-bay space designed for aeromedical evacuation training can accommodate patient transport aircraft simulators, helicopters and other airborne critical care equipment. Biosafety Level 2 and 3 containment labs and classrooms, auditoriums and administrative offices are also included. The North Complex provides endurance and training equipment such as a disorientation device, altitude chambers and a man-rated centrifuge. The HPW also includes several ancillary facilities such as an addition to an existing vivarium, an entomology laboratory building and a remote training site.